Improvement in dovetailing-machine



` descend by their own wei CHARLES'OHLEMA AND OTTOJKROMER, OF SANDUSKY, OH.

V,Letters '.Patent No. 87,586, dated .March 9, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOVETAILING-MACHINH Howey The Schedule :referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that we, CHARLES OHLEMACHER and OteroV KROMER, ot Sandusky, in the county of Erie, and'State of Ohio, have'invented a certain new and useful-Improvement in Dovetailing-Machines; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a partof this specicai tion, in which- Figure 1, plate 1, is a side view ofthe machine.

Figure 2, a vieur of the top. `Figure 3, plate 2, a view of the fig. 1.

Figure 4 is an end View. l Figure 5, a View `of the opposite .end of fig. 4. Figure 6, a detached section. Like letters of reference referto like parts in the several views presented.

ln fig. 1, plate l, A represents a rectangular frame in and across the lower side of -which is mounted a gang of driving-pulleys, B.

On the top of saidfraine is secured a supplementary frame, (l, to which are attached the saws, or cutters D D', g. 2, plate'l1 hung in the adjustable stgys E, on

opposite side of the shafts F, to which are also secured pulleys G.

The position of these cut-ters, in relation to each other, is such that the plane of their' face forms an acute angle from their inner edges outward, as shownin fig. 2, but which angle may bevaried by the adjusting-screws 'and stays, for apurpose hereinafter shown. Immediately below the cutters referred to, is hung the saw, or cutter H, on the shaft I, to which is also secured a pulley, J. The position of this saw, or cutter, in relation to the saws, or cutters D D', is such as -to bisect ythe angle formed by the two saws, as shownv in thedrawings, figs. 2 and 4.

- Below and in front of these saws, or cutters, is a 2 table, K, so arranged within the fi'ame A, that it can be moved upward or downward as follows:

L, lig. 4, plate 2, vis a shaft, on which are secured the grooved pulleys M.

To said pulleys is attached one end of a chain, N, whereas the other is fastened to the lower side of the frame O, by which the table referred to is supported.

v P is also a grooved pulley, secured to the shaft L.

To this pulley is also connected one end of a chain, Q, whereas the other is attached-to a lever, It. Now, on depressing the fr ee end of saidv lever, the result will be to dra-W up the frame and table by the chain winding around the pulleys referred to, but which will again ght.

'To the top of the table is fitted an adjustabletable, or carriage S, fig. 2, so arranged that it can be moved transversely acrosstbe frame A, andwhich is secured in any one position on the table by the bolt T, fig. 4,

l plate 2, said pin being secured in .a stay, U, and enclosed ina spiral spring, whereby the bolt is forced back into the holes a, after being withdrawn from them admission of the tenon.

for adjusting the carriage, on which the Work is placed, and secured byja binder, W.

The practical use of this section of the machine is for cutting the mortises of thework, into which the tenons are fitted, and which is done in the Vfollowing manner, viz:

The board is placed o nthe carriage S, and thereon secured by the binder referred to. The position of the edge of said board is such, in relation to the saws, or cutters, that it projects under them more or less, according to the depth that the. duvet-ailing is to be cut, which will be governed by the' thickness of the stuif. The board, on being properly adjusted, is then brought in contact with the saws, or cutters, by elevating the, tablein the manner as above described, thereby carrying the board upward to the saws D D', cutting the sides of theA mortise, and of any such angle that may be required, by adjusting the stays in which the cutters are hung, tothe required angle.

The central cutter H, as will be seen, cuts into the board at -a right line, between the side saws, and as it leads lin the cutting', the central portion of the mortise is cut away, the side saws, as they follow, cutting'away,

the remainder, leaving a clean, angular mortise for the As above said, the mortise can be cut to any required angle or size, by adjusting the stays E, thereby making the angle formed by the plane of the cutters D D more or less acute, giving, by this means, a greater or less angle to themortise. l

The adjusting-screws D, iig. 2, are for the purposeof thus regulating the angle ofthe work.

Having thus described that section of the machine for cutting the mortises, the other section, for cutting the teuons,uis as follows, viz:

In the supplementary framel G, above referred to, is journalled a'shaft, A, iig. 2, on which is secured'a'series of disks, B.

'lhese disks are kept separate from .each other by the intervention of washers, c, placed between them on the shaft.- i

The distancesaid disks are apart, and the number, are determined by the size and number of the tenons.

In the periphery of the disks are secured cutters, c', by which the cutting of the tenonsl is accomplished, as will hereinafter'be shown.v

G', fig. 5, is a vertically-sliding frame, operated in the same way as the frame O and table K, above described. s v

It will be observed that the upper side of the frame is so constructed as to slant upward from each side to the centre, to the apex of which is pivoted a top, or

table D', whereby it is made to vibrate, for a purposeO hereinafter shown;

To this table is attached a carriage, E', on which is laid the board for cutting, and thereon secured by the' y binder F', applied'and operated in like manner as the binder W.

The carriage is also fixed to any one place on the table by. a bolt and spring, Gr', g. 5, constructed and arranged in like manner as the bolt and spring T. v

The practical operation of this section of the machine is as follows:

The board is laid upon the carriage E', andthereto scoured by the binder referred to. The edge of the board is allowed to proj ect beyond theedge of the carriage so far as is required for the length ot' the tenon. The proper angle to be given to the side of the tenen, so that it shall lit the mortise, is obtained by the angle given to the vibrating table, which is gauged to the special angle given to the saws. The inclination given to the frame and carriage, as shown in g. 5, is such as to coliform to the angle given to the saws, or cutters, so that, on cutting the tenon, it will properly and closely tit in the mortise.

The board, on being ri fhtly securedv in the carriage, is then brought to the cut-ters, by depressing the freeend ci the lever H', iig. l, the result of which will be to elevate` the frame and table, thereby feeding the board to the cutters from below, as the board was fed to the saws, one side of the tenons being eut atatime, together with .a portion of the wood between them, which, being done, the opposite side of the tenon is cut, and the remainder of the wood between them, by changing the position of the carriage troni that shown in fig. 5 to that indicated by the dotted line j, thereby bringingl the table down upon the opposite Yangle ofthe frame C. The centre oi vibrationbeing undisturbed, and the two angles of the frame on which the table rests being a-like, it will be obvious that both sides ofthe tenon will have the same angle, and be ot" a uniform size, greater or less, according to the angle to which the table may have been adjusted. l

The work of dovetailing, thus far described, is such as is known as the open-joint work, viz, where the mortise is cut through, the stuit' and the ends of the tenons, when inserted, show; but that other style of work, known as blind dovetailing, where the mortises are not cut through, and the joint, instead of being square, or right-angled, is a mitre, so that the ends oi the tenons are hid by the face of the stui, as may be seen in the fronts of bureari-drawers, Sec.

In order to do this kind of work, the joint is mitred, or, rather, the end of the tenon is cut mitriu g, and so also is the bottom of the I nortise, for mutual adaptation.

To produce this kind of work, the board to be mortised is laid upon au inclined plane, K', lig. l. The

proper angle for the work is obtained by elevating or depressing the outer/end of inclined plane, by means of the angularchair L', on which the plane rests. It will be obvious, that by this means any necessary angle can be given to the plane', or table,by simply movvcure by Letters Patent, is

ing the chair inwardor outward, as the case may be,

and hence to the board placed upon it, and which is so.

adjusted to the cutters- B as to bring the edge within the proper range.

The table G' is then raised, in the manner as above described for the open style of dovetailing, but not so high as to canse the cutters to cut through the board, but to it certain depth only, leaving the outer lower edge uncut, thereby leaving a bottom to the mortise.

The tenons to tit these mortises are out in the same way as for the open work, but which, when cut the required bevel to tit the angie given to the bottom of the mor'tise, is done by removing the gang of cutters B', and replacing them by the cutter, lig. 6, consisting ofthe head R' and the cutters S'.

The tenoned board is then laid upon the inclined plane, on which the mortisiug was done. The corners of the tenons are then cut olf by the cutters referred to, which, as will be evident, must be of the same angle given to the bottom of the mortise; hence, when the. two parts are put together, they will properly lit each other.

This machine can be used forcutting the mitre for thc joints of picture-frames, and other similar work whe-re dovetailing is not required for the joint.

The size of the mortisefor dovetailing can be varied by increasing the distance between the disks more or less, by interposing washers, of variable thickness, or in numbers, between them.

The holes a, in the plate W", tig. 2, are arranged to ascale, so as to cut different-sized mortises and tenons, by adjusting the' carriage from one hole, or a num ber ot' holes, to others, thereby alording a ready and exact scale for the number ot.1nortises and tenons in a given length, saving, by this means, the time and trouble of laying out the work.

What we claimas our invention, and desire to sel. The adjustable cutters D D', and cutter H, the upright reciprocating table, or carriage S, .arranged with rela-tion to each other, and to operate in the manner substantially as described.

2. The adj ustabley pivoted stays, or yokes E E, carrying shafts 11 and adjusting-screws b, arranged with relation to and affecting the position of cutters D D', in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. The series of' disks B', cutting-blades G', adjustable washers c on shaft A, the upright reciprocating and vibrating table D', all constructed and arranged to operate in the manner and for the purpose described.

CHARLES OHLEMAGHER. OTTO KROMER. Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGE, J. H. BURRIDGE. 

